17875 Cherokee P.O. Box 96 ,Harpster, Ohio 43323
FAX # 614-496-4121 /614-496-4571

Att: Mr. Tim Jones
Georgia Pacific ,Linerboard Plant
Sandfer Road . P.O. Box 608
Monticello, MS 39654
January 29, 1990

Re: Bio-Augmentation Treatability Studies
Sample I.D.: NAP Sample (MO190-4)
Sample Date: January 15, 1990
Date Received: January 17, 1990

Background

This sample was analyzed initially to establish baseline data upon which a treatment comparison can be made. This analysis provided us with information concerning the concentrations of nutrients present and other background information.

Following are the results of the analysis.

Experimental

Following this initial analysis, the sample was divided into three equal aliquots, two of which were inoculated with AquaClean at concentrations of 10 and 20 parts per million (PPM). These aliquots, together with the untreated portion of the sample (which served as a control) were placed into a bench top bio-oxidation system. These samples were then monitored over a 26-day period (Table 1):

Conclusions

The initial analyses of the material did not reveal the presence of any substance, which would interfere with biological degradation. The metals analyzed showed the presence of Cadmium, Copper, Nickel and Zinc. However, the concentrations of these metals were insignificant and would not present any problem.

By comparing the results of the untreated portion of the sample with the results of the Treated portions of the sample, the efficiency of AquaClean can be observed. The COD of the two portions of the sample that were treated with AquaClean showed good to excellent response to have occurred during the study period. Similar biodegradation was observed with respect to Suspended Solids and Hydrogen Sulfide. The H2S concentration of the initial sample of 180 mg/l was extraordinarily high and was probably due in part to the pH at 10.16, having released much of the H2S into gaseous form. It is noteworthy, however, to observe that the AquaClean reduced the concentrations in both the 10 and 20 PPM test portions to less than noxious conditions. The Treatability Study suggests strongly that the material is an excellent candidate for the use of extraneous bacteria, such as AquaClean. The organisms in AquaClean are, for the most part, facultative organisms. AquaClean contains a combination of eight different bacterial groups. Ninety percent of these organisms are facultative. That is to say the organisms will utilize either anaerobic or aerobic conditions as they find them in a system. The testing was done in this study under anoxic or anaerobic conditions. The bacteria would perform much better in an aerated system, where some dissolved oxygen was available. Based on the results of this Treatability study, we suggest that AquaClean could be a positive adjunct to your treatment system for the control of BOD/COD. To accomplish this an initial seeding of the south lagoon is suggested, using 10 PPM of AquaClean applied directly to the lagoon in one seeding. The 10 PPM is based on volume of the lagoon, which was estimated to be 210 million gallons. That would mean that the initial seeding would encompass 2100 gallons of AquaClean. Following this initial seeding, the second phase of the program is a daily maintenance dose, which should be metered into the system by the use of a metering pump. The daily maintenance dose would be based on the volume of flow into the system daily. The initial maintenance dose would be 1 PPM, based on flow, for 30 days. Following this 30-day period, the maintenance dose should be reduced to 0.5 PPM for an additional 30 days. At that time the maintenance dose could be reduced to 0.25 PPM or 0.1 PPM depending upon the operation of the treatment system at that time and maintained at 0.1 PPM. It has been our experience that AquaClean utilized in systems similar to yours, should allow you to biodegrade the BOD to less than 100 mg/l during the cold weather operations and probably your system will show even greater reductions. The spring and fall thermal inversion upset, with the Solids rising to the surface, will in no way affect the bacteria's ability to biodegrade the available BOD. During that period of time, slightly higher maintenance dose would be suggested to offset some of the problems associated with biodegrading the increased solubilized BOD, but the natural increase in organisms would result as a natural reaction to the increased loading. We thank you for the opportunity to have performed this Treatability Study for you and would like to suggest, if we can be of any further assistance to you, please do not hesitate to call.

Sincerely,

William F. Pfeiffer,Ch.D
Director of Operations
Coleen M. Baer
Assistant Director

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