T.P. ASSOCIATES INTERNATIONAL, INC.
17875 Cherokee P.O. Box 96
Harpster, Ohio 43323
FAX # 614-496-4121
614-496-4571

Attn: Mr. Holly Hirzel
HIRZEL Canning Company
411 Lemoyne Road at Woodville Rd.
Toledo, Ohio 43619

January 2, 2000

RE: Bio-augmentation Treatability Studies
Sample I.D.: #2 Pond Water (M1289-145)
Sample Date: No date
Date Received: December 14, 1999

BACKGROUND

This sample was analyzed initially to establish baseline data upon which a treatment comparison can be made. This analysis provided us with information concerning the concentrations of nutrients present and other background information. Following are the results of the analysis.

EXPERIMENTAL

Following this initial analysis, the sample was divided into three equal aliquots, two of which were inoculated with AquaClean at concentrations of 10 and 25 parts per million (PPM). These samples, together with the untreated portion of the sample, which served as a control, were placed into a bio-oxidation system. These samples were then monitored over a 12-day period. Table I is a summary of the results of that monitoring.

Table 1
(All Data Reported in MG/L)

CONCLUSIONS

Significant reduction of all of the parameters that were monitored was shown as a result of the addition of AquaClean into the sample. By comparing the results of the treated portions of the sample with the results of the untreated portion of the sample, the efficacy of the AquaClean can be seen. The reduction in concentration of Hydrogen Sulfide occurred very rapidly, as the result of the application of AquaClean into the samples. Both the 10 and 25 PPM inoculation showed less than detectable limits within the first 3 days after the inoculation

This study was performed under anoxic or aerobic conditions, because the actual treatment conditions at your facility were not known. The bacteria, however, that are a part of the product called "AquaClean" are for the most part facultative organisms, which perform equally well in aerobic or anaerobic conditions. There are eight bacterial groups represented in AquaClean, six of which are facultative organisms. The control of Hydrogen Sulfide by AquaClean is performed by the metabolism of the purple bacteria group of organisms. These organisms utilize the Hydrogen Sulfide as an electron donor, to oxidize the H₂S. The Sulfur is then stored intercellularly until further metabolism of the organism adds oxygen to the Sulfur molecule and sluffs it off as SO4.

As we discussed on the phone, the use of AquaClean would be necessary only during the operational months. An initial dosage to the lagoon of between 5 and 10 PPM, based on volume of the lagoon would be necessary each year, to assure that the proper populations of AquaClean were present. A daily maintenance dose would then be commenced, utilizing 1 PPM per day based on flow into the lagoon. At an estimated flow of 10,000 gallons per day, your system would require approximately one-tenth of a gallon per day added to the system. for the control of Hydrogen Sulfide and other odors. Following the active canning season, a weekly maintenance dose into the lagoons would then be necessary in order to assure that the bacterial population of the organisms in AquaClean would remain high during the fall and early winter, so that the continued control of odor would occur.

The organisms in AquaClean are non-pathogenic and non-toxic and would, therefore, not interfere with the distribution of the contents of the lagoon onto the surrounding soil. Eventually, some of the organisms of AquaClean would become part of the soil microbial population. Since this is the natural habitat for these bacteria, no adverse environmental impact would occur.

Sincerely,