Effect of ACF-32 and Oxygen Agents

on Waste Water Treatment Plants

Trial conducted in Netherlands

With references form Europe, Asia and the Uniuted States

Content

Summary 3

1. Preface 4

2. The Products 4
   2.1 Oxgen Agents for Water Treatment Plants 4
   2.2 ACF-32 5

3. Description: Waste Water Treatment Plants 5

4. Description: Test Phases 6
   4.1 Phase 1; without Oxs and/or ACF-32 6
   4.2 Phase 2; with Oxygen Agents 6
   4.3 Phase 3; with ACF-32 7

5. Consequence of the Products 7
   5.1 Results with Oxygen Agents 7
   5.2 Results with ACF-32 8

6. Overall Summary 8

7. Conclusions 10

8. References 10

Summary

An overview of the effect of ACF-32 and Oxygen Agents in Waste Water Treatment Plants (WWTPs).

For an optimal operation of a WWTP, good respiration of Oxygen is vital, as well as a robust population of vegatative bacteria. The specific elements, together and seperately, are crucial for the speed and quality of the purifying (degrading) process.

The Oxygen consumption, and the cost of supplimenting Oxygen to the system, accounts for the main use of energy consumption in a WWTP. Significant savings can be realized in this part of the process. Next to this, in the field of disposal of nitrate and ammonium, big profites can be realized.

Reducing sludge, being the second major cost factor, can also provide substantial cost savings, as well as improve system capacity in an over-loaded situation.

1. Preface

Managers of WWTP’s are increasingly confronted with various issues making operations more difficult, such as:

• Decreasing budgets

• Higher requirements for purified water,

discharged into surface water

• Rising cost for processing by-products (sludge)

• Population increases, leading to over-loading

• Changes in the quantity of the yearly rainfall

BluePlanet has products and service which are designed to help optimize the operation of WWTP. In addition, BluePlanet solutions provide substantial cost reductions.

This study will focus on the results which can be realized by using ACF-32 and Oxygen Agents in Waste Water Treatment Plants.

2. The Products

2.1 Oxygen Agents for Water Treatment Plants:

Oxygen Agents for Water Treatment Plans are products that release oxygen when applied in water solution. Examples are products like OX, an enriched calcium peroxide, and OPC, a Sodium Carbonate Peroxyhydrate (SCP), both produced by Ecological Laboratories; as well as OxyGen, a propriatary Calcium Carbonate formula produced in Holland. These products do not contain any harmful substances and therefore have no negative impact on the waste water process.

Why are Oxygen Agents (Oxs) used in WWTP’s?

• OXs improve the aerobe deterioration of organic particles,

• OXs reduce the CZV level of the processed waste water,

• OXs reduce the generation of harmful gases (ammonia, laughing gas, methane),

• OXs have a homogeneous effect on processes,

• OXs stimulate the formation of humus when used in agriculture.

2.2 ACF-32

Specialty Bacteria helps optimize the performance of WWTPs, resulting in significant reductions in sludge generation. This provides a very important operational savings due to the high, and ever rising, costs of sludge treatment, handling, transport and disposal.

ACF-32 is a propriatary formula of 29 Bacertia produced in the USA. This product is unique in that it contains adult, vegatative bacteria from 12 genes representing Aerobic, Anaerobic, Facultative, Chem-Synthetic and Photo-Synthetic Species in a very stable formula with over 2 years shelve-life.

Why is ACF-32 being used in WWTP’s?

• Sludge reduction by 20 to 40%

• Significant reduction of odors

• Reduction of Fats, Oils and Grease

• Quality improvement of waste water effluent

• Enhanced process performance and capacity

• Lower operating costs, due to lower maintenance and lower sludge handling expenses

3. Explaining a Sewage Treatment Plant

A number of steps are to be distinguished in processing the sewage in a WWTP:

• Floating dirt and solid substance are removed by iron grids or gross-filters.

• In a sedimentation tank the waste water is allowed to rest and because of that most solid substances settle out. The bottom deposit of this process is called the Prime Sludge.

• Then one of two organic waste processes take place: 1.degrading by means of an active sludge

and/or

2. degrading by accelerated oxidation method.

During the treatment, a number of important and inter-related processes take place. First of all the disposal of organic substances mentioned already above, but also the disposal of nutrients. Nutrients are the substances which contain nitrogen, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate or phosphate.

Nitrogen will be converted in two steps: First ammonia is transferred into nitrate during an oxidating process in which air is added to the process. This process is executed by nitrifying micro-organisms. These organisms are autotrophe and because of that they remove parts of CO from waste water. After this process, nitrate is converted into nitrogen gas (N2) by another microbial process: denitrification. An electrondonor is required for this process, for which organic material is mostcommonly used. The organic material in faeces is quite useful for this purpose.

Seperation of water and active sludge takes place in a deposit tank. The removed sludge is called secondairy sludge or surplus sludge. Parts of this sludge will be diverted back into the aeration tanks to maitain a minimum level of bacteria in the active sludge. The remaining sludge must now be processed for disposal. It is drained, and as much as possible seprated from the water in centrifuges or decanters devises. Afterwards the sludge is dried in a drying device or filter-press equipment. This remaining sludge taken to a landfill or is burned in waste incinerators, at ever increasing costs. The purified processed water can then be drained off in surface water.

4. Description of the Test Phases

1. Phase 1. Without Oxs or ACF-32 addition

Phase 1 of the test phase is the determination of the performance of a WWTP without using any OXs and/or ACF-32.

During four weeks all crucial measurements were done by laboratory research. Results of the additions, if any, can be measured if they are compared with the results of this test phase. Tests with OXs took place in a WWTP without nitrate measurements. Tests with ACF-32 took place in a WWTP where the aeration process was controlled by means of nitrate measurement.

2. Phase 2. With OXs addition.

Phase 2 comprises also a period of four weeks. The test started with the addition of a boost of twenty five kilo OxyGen in the aerate tank. This product was dissolved in a container, with water derived from the aeration tank. For an optimal solution of twenty five kilo you need at least five hundred liters of water. As soon as the product is dissolved in the water, the measured quantities were added into the aeration tank.

During the first week, after the first boost, ten kilo of dissolved OxyGen was added on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.

After this first week, the maintenance period started, where every ten days five kilo of dissolved OxyGen was added into the aeration tank.

3. Phase 3; with ACF-32

Phase 3 takes a period of five weeks. It started with an inoculation of ACF-32, adding product into all reservoirs (aeration tanks, sedimentation tanks, sludge return tanks). As noted, in this particular trial, a total 12 gallons of ACF-32 was applied at this stage. The inoculation is 10 to 15 PPM into the total volume of water being processed, followed by 5 to 8 PPM each week for 3 weeks, and then 1 to 1.5 PPM each week thereafter. In this trial, one gallon ACF-32 (one gallon is 3.385 liter) was inoculated to 200 liters of water in the aeration tank. Then, during the next four weeks a quantity of 1.5 gallon ACF-32 was added into the aeration tank every week.

After that as a maintenance dosage of one gallon ACF-32 was applied every week into the aeration tank.

5. Effects of the Products

5.1 Effect of OxyGen

Adding OxyGen provided several positive results:

• The amount of nitrate in the liquid waste was reduced by 32%

• The amount of nitrite in the liquid waste was reduced by 42%

• CVZ (COD) was reduced by 34%

• BZV (BOD) was stabilized on 3 mg/l (meeting the standards)

• Energy consumption was reduced by 14%. If the product was tested in a WWTP with nitrate measurement, which controls the ventilation, a reduction of 25% could easily be obtained.

5.2 Effect of ACF-32

Adding ACF-32 has the following results:

• The content of phosphate in the liquid waste reduced by 91.4%

• The content of nitrate in the liquid waste was reduced by 85.5%

• The content of nitrite in the liquid waste was reduced by 97%

• The volume of sludge was reduced by 34%

6. Results

By using Oxs and ACF-32, significant improvement of the performance of WWTP’s can be realized. This has been demonstrated by various trials and tests executed in several STP’s in The Netherlands, Austria, South-Korea and the USA.

Some figures from the current Netherlands Trial:

• Amounts in liquid waste:
  NH4N = 1.4 mg/l
  NO3N = 4.8 mg/l
  PO4P = 0.5 mg/l
  BZV = 3.0 mg/l
  CZV = 33.0 mg/l

• Quantity of sludge was reduced by 34%

• Energy consumption was reduced by 25%

These results show that significant financial advantages can be obtained by using products and services from BluePlanet. Compared to the quantity of sludge before adding Oxs and ACF-32, the cost advantage was:

• 0.70 Euro per m3 sludge in case of using equipment without nitrate measurement control.

• 0.90 Euro per m3 sludge in case of using equipment with nitrate measurement control.

7. Conclusion: OXs and ACF-32 have been demonstrated to significantly improve the quality of the effluent from WWTP’s. In addition, there is significant reduction in operating costs, improving the financial performance of the WWTP’s, as well providing enhanced capacity.

8. References

1. Kläranlage der Stadtgemeinde Wagram (Germany)

2. RWZI Kloosterzande (The Netherlands)

3. WWTP Pusan (South-Korea)

4. WWTP Southeast Georgia (USA)

5. Ministry of Industry, Shanghai (China)

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